Short Story - 1663 Words

â€Å"Get some rest,† your guide says calmly. â€Å"We’re attempting the summit.† By now, sitting in a frigid tent at 16,000 feet, you know what months of training and five long days trudging toward the sky have meant. Your legs tremble and you struggle for breath, a reminder that the layer of fog half a mile below is actually cloud cover. The broad sun sets and slowly melts into the clouds, yielding to indigo blue, and finally a black ocean of stars. Your thermometer reads ten below zero Fahrenheit. No one sleeps from fear and excitement. At midnight, bundled in heavy layers, your crampon boots dig through glaciated snow and ice for two hours of rocky ascent. Conquering the first ridge reveals 4,000 feet more incline, eight more hours of intense†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"When I came down from that mountain, I was very depressed because I had achieved my goal and didn’t have another one,† Kalozdi says. â€Å"I decided that every year I would climb one mountain. At the summit of each one, I’d set the goal for the next year.† Climb she did, year after year, summit after summit. On June 4, 2005, Kalozdi became the only known New Orleans resident—and only the 97th woman in the world—to summit Mount Everest. Three months later, she found herself trapped with her family on the roof of their Lakeview home as Katrina’s waters destroyed everything. But even a natural disaster couldn’t deter Kalozdi, whose passion for climbing pushed her to submit or summit: mountain climbing’s higher elevations by thomas leggett Photos courtesy of Monica Kalozdi and John Church achieve the sport’s ultimate crown, the Seven Summits club. These climbers hold the rare distinction of having reached the highest summit in each of the seven continents: Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Denali in Alaska, Elbrus in Russia, Aconcagua in Argentina, Kosciuszko in Australia, Vinson in Antarctica, and Everest in Nepal. Still, Kalozdi considers Kashmir’s K2 and New Zealand’s Mount Cook her greatest achievements because of the technical ice climbing required. â€Å"Everything comes down to basic survival,† Kalozdi says. â€Å"It’s great for your body and mind, but for a mountain like Everest, you have to dig down to the very depthShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. 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And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. 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Computer Aided Process Planning free essay sample

Process Planning Products and their components are designed to perform certain specific functions. Every product has some design specifications which ensure its functionality aspects. The task of manufacturing is to produce components such that they meet design specifications. Process planning acts as a bridge between design and manufacturing by translating design specifications into manufacturing process details.It refers to a set of instructions that are used to make a component or a part so that the design specifications are met, therefore it is major determinant of manufacturing cost and profitability of products. Process planning answers the questions regarding required information and activities involved in transforming raw materials into a finished product. The process starts with the selection of raw material and ends with the completion of part.The development of process plans involves mainly a set of following activities; †¢Analysis of part requirements †¢Selection of raw workpiece †¢Selection of manufacturing operations and their sequences †¢Selection of machine tools †¢Selection of tools, tool holding devices, work holding devices and inspection equipments †¢Selection of manufacturing conditions i. We will write a custom essay sample on Computer Aided Process Planning or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page e. cutting speed, feed and depth of cut. †¢Determination of manufacturing times (2) The manual experience-based planning method The manual experience-based process planning is most widely used.It is mainly based on a manufacturing engineers experience and knowledge of production facilities, equipment, their capabilities, processes, and tooling. The major problem with this approach is that it is time consuming and developed plans may not be consistent and optimum. The feasibility of developed process plan is dependant on many factors such as availability of machine tools, scheduling and machine allocation etc. Computer aided process planning is developed to overcome this problems to some extent.

Water Refilling Station Essay Example

Water Refilling Station Essay Purified water is water from any source that is physically processed to remove its impurities. Distilled water and de-ionized water has been the most common forms of purified water. Water can also be purified by other processes like reverse osmosis, carbon filtration, microfiltration, ultra filtration, ultraviolet oxidation, electro dialysis and/or etc. Mineral water is water containing minerals or other dissolved substances that alter its taste or give it therapeutic value, generally obtained from a naturally occurring mineral spring or source. Dissolved substances in the water may include various salts and sulfur compounds. The more minerals in drinking water, the harder it is said to be; water with few minerals is described as being soft. Distilled water is water that has many of its impurities removed through distillation. Distillation involves boiling the water and then condensing the steam into a clean container. A few years ago, there were only a few water refilling plants here in Cagayan De Oro City. Those are of which are still famous to the public like Nature Spring and Wilkins. Wilkins was one of those who didn’t do a good job on capitalizing on their market superiority. Unlike Nature Spring who seems like un-formidable in the market today holding big investments in large companies. The Cagay-anons realized the need for this necessity, entrepreneurs invested on it seeking to get a modest share of the market and looking for different kinds of cracks and niches in the market. This was the start of a very competitive and very aggressive marketing and business war, which one could relate to it as a never ending dog battle. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Refilling Station specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Water Refilling Station specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Water Refilling Station specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As more people entered the market, the more competitive it has begun. Currently, according to the only jug supplier here in Cagayan De Oro, there are already more than 100 water refilling companies here in Cagayan De Oro alone. One of the early people who ventures in this great opportunity was Escanner, Inc. which established Cooldrops. It started out when one of the members of Escanner, Inc. noticed or discovered the opportunity here in Cagayan De Oro City. He then soon recruited more investors for the undertaking of Cooldrops. He then went to Cebu to buy water refilling equipment. He then transported it here in Cagayan De Oro City to a place (building) he canvassed and liked beforehand. As it penetrated it grew and grew the first year. It experienced a boom so big that it had a lot of dealers and customers making the production work overtime and jugs that reached even the Cooldrops parking lot. As many competitors rose and took some customers and dealers from different water refilling stations, Cooldrops became less busy as it was before. And now as we see it, it is still growing, always fighting for a bigger fraction of the market. The Problem General Problem: The Cool Drops business has a low rate of increase of its customers. Specific Problem: 1. They lack in marketing communication. 2. They only have 2 branches located in Patag and Bugo which can affect the distribution process. 3. The competitors have cheaper price. Objectives: 1. To be able to have and choose an effective marketing communication. 2. To be able to create a strategy that can improve the distribution process. 3. To be able to lessen the competition by identifying incentives that is attractive to the consumers. Significance of the study The conceptualization of this marketing research was borne out of a need to determine the causes why a consumer prefers a certain brand over hundreds of products in the market. This study also explains how a consumer becomes aware of a product given the promotional mix which is product, price, promotion and place to choose from. The data to be provided in this study will be useful to Cool Drops and other similar business in positioning their product and to gain competitive advantage in the market. Also, data presented will be useful to a company particularly its product manager wherein it gives insights and advices for new ventures. Scope and Limitations The scope of this study includes the respondents’ awareness of the existence of Cool Drops in the Water industry; brand of water used, promotional medium and included herein are the factors affecting consumer’s buying decisions and creating interest for the product. The coverage of the research done was limited to residents of subdivisions near Cool Drops stations particularly Apovel, Patag and Reyes, Bugo respectively. Specifically, fifty percent ( 50%) of the respondents are exclusively consumers and dealers of Cool Drops and the other fifty percent (50 % )are consumers of other products living near the two outlets. We used the 50 – 50 ratio for fair tabulation. We’ve got two variables, first is the Cool Drops respondents and the other is the respondents from the other brand these two variables are basically the group’s basis for comparison. Research Methodology Research Environment Patag and Bugo were just the two distribution outlets of Cool Drops water refilling stations. We used random sampling for the remaining 50% for the consumers using other brands. It is best applied to closely related houses and a pretty much big population. The Apovel subdivision and Reyes subdivision was actually a good location or community for the survey. It is important for the group to have variations on the respondents regarding the purified water they are using for the comparison of the answers which would be a basis for the group’s recommendations. We used the subdivisions which are near the Cool Drops outlet so that we can identify the problem why they do not prefer their product despite the accessibility of their outlet. Research Respondents The marketing research that the group has conducted is regarding to the Cool Drops business which is a purified water refilling station so basically the respondents would be consumers of purified water. The group also targeted residences, since the said product can be seen mostly at residences. Research Instruments The group is to conduct survey from the selected respondents and so the aterials to be used for the gathering of data are questionnaires. Data Treatment Sample Plan Random sampling was the sample plan that the group had chose for the survey since it shows no bias. In order to use the random sampling we will take a sample from the population basically the group has 2 populations 1st is the population of chosen 48 respondents which are Cool Drops users and another are the chosen 48 respondents which are consumers from the other brand. The group is to collect data on each of the sampled unit and uses these information to extract the pulse of the entire population in general. The group divided to two the total number of respondents which is 96 for a fair tabulation. Sample Size n=  ¬  ¬_1. 96? (5347)_ 10? n=  ¬  ¬_1. 96? (2491)__ 10? n=  ¬  ¬_ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬___9569. 4___ 100 n=  ¬  ¬95. 6 or 96 respondents Data Gathering Procedure It was mentioned from the previous paragraphs that the materials to be used for the research is a survey questionnaire. The group would distribute the 50% of the questionnaire to the residents within the Apovel and Reyes subdivision regardless of the brand of water they are using. A total of 100 entries would be recorded and interpreted. From those 100 respondents it is subdivided into classifications of water brands, the group would then make an analysis on the different answer and finally to come up into a conclusion which is to be recommended to the Cool Drops. Definition of Terms Brand. The brand becomes the consumer’s simplifier of choice compatibility. Cool Drops. The brand of purified water refilling station that is been used in this study. Promotional Mix. Specific combination of promotional methods such as print or broadcast advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, point of sale display, merchandising, etc, which are used for one product or a family of products. Purified Water. Water that has been sterilized and it is safe for drinking. Refilling Water Station. An alternative source of drinking water supply in the Philippines where consumers refill their kind of brand of bottled water. CHAPTER II Presentation and Analysis of Data Table 1 Profile of Respondents Category Frequency Percentage (%) Age 15 – 19 20 – 24 25 – 29 30 – 34 5 – 39 40 – 44 45 – 49 50 Above 15 23 15 11 8 4 10 10 16 % 24 % 16 % 11% 8% 4% 10% 10% Sex Female Male 51 45 53% 47% The majority age of the respondents are having the ages of 20 – 24 years old with a 24 % and the majority sex of the respondents are females with a 53 %. It only shows that the ages of 20 – 24 years old has the highest percen tage of respondents because when we gave the questionnaires they are the ones that been asked by their parents to answer the questionnaire and the majority of answering the questionnaires are the female. Figure 1 Consumers Awareness about Cool Drops On Figure 1, 61or 64% of the 96 respondents know about the Cool Drop’s water while the remaining 35 respondents does not know the product Cool Drops. Also 13 out of 48 respondents of the other brand know about the product but are not patronizing the product. It only shows that most of the respondents know about what the product Cool Drops is, having the total of 64 %. Figure 2 Usage of Cool Drops 48 or 50% of the 96 respondents are using Cool Drops and a same percent of 50% from the respondents who do not use Cool Drops. We used the 50 – 50 ratio so that we will be able to compare the other brands from Cool Drops. Figure 3 Different Brands of Commercial Water Different brands of water from the 48 respondents are shown on Figure 3. Most of the respondents are using the Aquasoft with a percentage of 16% followed by Aquabest and Nature Spring both having the percentage of 8%,while 10 out of the 48 respondents did not indicate the name of brand that they are using. It shows here that among the respondents who did not use the Cool Drops brand are majority using the Aquasoft brand who is one of the leading brand of purified water here in Cagayan de Oro City. Figure 4 Brand Recognition Based from the graph above Cool Drops’ consumers were able to know more about the product from referrals with a percentage of 55% followed by the flyers 32% and lastly the media with a 26%, while the other brands were able to know more about the product from the media with a percentage of 74% followed by flyers with 68% and lastly the referrals which is 45%. It shows here that the other brands used media since it has the highest percentage and since most of the people are fond of watching TV, listening to radios nd other means of media while Cool Drops only depends on referrals as shown in the figure above. Figure 5 Best Way to Know the Product Based on the results the respondents chose the media as the best tool to know about a product, followed by referrals and lastly flyers. For them it is best for a business firm to advertise their product through radios, televisions or other mediums of media. Figure 6 Type of Consumers For Cool Drops most of its consumers belong to the dealer with a 67% of the total result. They’ve got less of walk-ins and home deliveries since their location is not that accessible. While the other brand has a 71% of their walk-in consumers since some of the other brands indicated have many branches or the location of their branches are accessible to the consumers. Figure 7. 1 Delivery Time of Cool Drops Figure 7. 2 Delivery Time of the Other Brands Most of the Cool Drops users have a delivery time of 1hr and above which is less advantage compared to the other brand that got a 30min-1hr of delivery. It is also to be considered how accessible the outlet would be that dealers could be able to deliver it on time or much early. Since Cool Drops does not have enough man power for deliveries and a few outlets for distribution more or less they would really consume hour/s before they could actually deliver the water. Figure 8 Water Consumption in a Week Based from the graph, most Cool Drops’ consumers usually pay P500 and above since most of their customers are dealers which usually order a huge quantity of gallons of water, while most of the customers of the other brand are walk-ins which usually spend P200 below in a week. Figure 9 Brand Usage in Months or Year/s 4% of the Cool Drops customers are using the product more than a year and 83% of the customers of the other brands are using the product for less than a month. Figure 10 Services Offered As shown on Figure 10 most of the services performed by the Cool Drops is a door-to door delivery which has 49% of the total result. While most of the other brand gives incentives to their customers as their form of service. Also 3 out of the 96 respondents w ere not able to give specifications on the kind of service they received from the business. Figure 11. Ratings of the Services Offered by Cool Drops Figure 11. 2 Ratings of the Services Offered by Other Brands Most of the respondents from other brands rated 7 and 8 for the services while the Cool Drops customers, rated on 9 and 8 which are a bit higher compared to the ratings from the other brand. The Cool Drops has more numbers of loyal costumers based from the interview that’s why the business got big ratings from them. Another thing was that most of these respondents that gave a high rating are probably located near the outlet that is why it ould just took a little time for them to receive the water. Figure 12 Consumers who received and who haven’t received incentives As shown on Figure 12 above, Cool Drops does not give much incentive to their customers because they focuses mainly on the quality of their product which is the only thing that they have to attract con sumers. Also Cool Drops give out discounts to those who ask for it. While compared to the other brand they’ve got a big percentage of giving out incentives. Figure 13 Incentives Received As observed from the graph Cool Drops incentives are more from the giving of discounts while the other brands are on giving of water dispenser. Specifically most of the Cool Drops consumers are dealers so having incentives such as discounts is applicable in that kind of consumer. Now for the other brands most of their consumers are walk-ins and home delivered that’s why a water dispenser would be a good incentive for them. Figure 14 Accessibility and Inaccessibility of Outlets Many respondents answered â€Å"NO† for the accessibility of the Cool Drops’ outlet which is a big different from the answers of the other brands users. It has been mentioned that Cool Drops only got 2 outlets all over the city so the accessibility of an outlet also depends on how many are the outlets, the lesser the outlet the harder for the consumers to have an easy access towards the station. Figure 15 Buyer’s Motivation towards the product Based on the data on Figure 15, most of the respondents in general answered quality followed by price then the services. Thus, they prefer quality when it comes to their water than price and services because they are into their safety specially those families who have children. CHAPTER III Conclusion and Recommendation Water refilling stations are becoming popular nowadays. Some are at the top of their game and some are just starting out. Cool Drops, which has been in the market for roughly 7 years still has a difficulty in connecting to other consumers aside from those who are already patronizing their brand. So, we conducted surveys in areas that are near their stations. The main purpose for the survey is to identify what Cool Drop needs to do in order to gain more customers. After doing the surveys, we were able to differentiate the techniques of Cool Drops and other brands on how they would market their own product to new consumers. Base on the survey results many consumers answered that a product would be best advertised by using media (TV, Radio, and etc. ). We recommend that Cool Drops needs to advertise their brand by using the media (TV, Radio, and etc. so that their product will be more expose in the market. According to our survey, we found out that majority of their customers are dealers and home delivery and their deliveries always comes after 1 hour and 30 minutes. We recommend that they should deliver all their water with a less time as possible to prevent the costumers from waiting in a long time through efficient use of their manpower thus creating a strategy that would improve their delivery schedule for their routes that would cater all the deliveries quickly. Bibliography Books Go, Josiah. Fundamentals of Marketing in the Philippine settings. 30 Narig St. , Veternas Village, Project 7, Quezon City, Philippines. Design Plus. January 2007 Riga, Poter. A Study on the Establishment of a Consumers Cooperative at the Mindanao State University, Marawi City. 1993 Burns, Alvin C. Bush, Ronald F. Marketing Research: Online Research Applications. Pearson Education. Prentice Hall. 2004

Comparing Dali, Miro and Munch essays

Comparing Dali, Miro and Munch essays The paintings featured in this assignment are all similar because they all offer an insight into the artists mind and what there thinking of feeling. They achieve this using a number of different techniques, but the most notable aspect of the three of the paintings examined in this assignment is they all create a scene that is not exactly abstract, that is the viewer of the painting can easily recognise most objects in focus. But the scene painted has been warped into an unnatural, dream-like state. The three paintings that will be reviewed in this assignment are; The Carnival of Harlequin, The Persistence of Memory and The Scream. The Scream was painted in 1893 by Edvard Munch. It was created using Tempera and pastel on board and is 91 x 73.5 cm. The painting is Edvard Munch's most famous work. This painting is a reflection of an incident that happened to Munch as he was walking with friends in Oslo, an entry from his diary on the 22 January 1892. It reads, "I was walking along the road with two friends. I stopped, and leaned against the railing, deathly tired - looking out across the flaming clouds that hung like blood and a sword over the blue-black fjord and town. My friends walked on - I stood there, trembling with fear. And I sensed a great, infinite scream pass through nature." This painting is different from the other paintings reviewed in this assignment because its main purpose seems to be to foreground an emotion rather than a concept or an idea. The Persistence of Memory, painted by Salvador Dali in 1931is a painting that foregrounds the artists theory about space and time. The soft watches that are the focal point of the painting symbolise Dalis thoughts about the pliability of space and time. Dali even felt that this work foreshadowed the discov ...

Quotes From the Novel Great Expectations

Quotes From the Novel Great Expectations We can learn a bit more about the life and experiences of Charles Dickens by reading his semi-autobiographical novel, Great Expectations. Of course, the facts are immersed in fiction, which is part of what makes the novel such a masterpiece. The novel follows life and misadventures of Pip, the orphaned protagonist from his encounter with an escaped convict as a child to  his eventual happy ever after with the woman he loves. The novel has been popular since its original serialized publication in 1860. Great Expectations Quotes Now, I return to this young fellow. And the communication I have got to make is, that he has great expectations.Take another glass of wine, and excuse my mentioning that society as a body does not expect one to be so strictly conscientious in emptying ones glass, as to turn it bottom upwards with the rim on ones nose.Mrs. Joe was a very clean housekeeper, but had an exquisite art of making her cleanliness more uncomfortable and unacceptable than dirt itself.It was understood that nothing of a tender nature could possibly be confided to old Barley, by reason of his being totally unequal to the consideration of any subject more psychological than gout, rum, and pursers stores.That was a memorable day to me, for it made great changes in me. But, it is the same with any life. Imagine one selected day struck out of it, and think how different its course would have been. Pause you who read this, and think for a moment of the long chain of iron or gold, of thorns or flowers, that would neve r have bound you, but for the formation of the first link on one memorable day. I never had one hours happiness in her society, and yet my mind all round the four-and-twenty hours was harping on the happiness of having her with me unto death.So now, as an infallible way of making little ease great ease, I began to contract a quantity of debt.It was one of those March days when the sun shines hot and the wind blows cold: when it is summer in the light, and winter in the shade.Take nothing on its looks; take everything on evidence. Theres no better rule.Some medical beast had revived tar-water in those days as a fine medicine, and Mrs. Joe always kept a supply of it in the cupboard; having a belief in its virtues correspondent to its nastiness. At the best of times, so much of this elixir was administered to me as a choice restorative, that I was conscious of going about, smelling like a new fence.We spent as much money as we could, and got as little for it as people could make up their minds to give us. We were always more or less miserable, and most of our acqua intance were in the same condition. There was a gay fiction among us that we were constantly enjoying ourselves, and a skeleton truth that we never did. To the best of my belief, our case was in the last aspect a rather common one. All other swindlers upon earth are nothing to the self-swindlers, and with such pretenses did I cheat myself. Surely a curious thing. That I should innocently take a bad half-crown of somebody elses manufacture, is reasonable enough; but that I should knowingly reckon the spurious coin of my own make, as good money!In a word, I was too cowardly to do what I knew to be right, as I had been too cowardly to avoid doing what I knew to be wrong.Heaven knows we need never be ashamed of our tears, for they are rain upon the blinding dust of the earth, overlying our hard hearts.So, throughout life, our worst weaknesses and meannesses are usually committed for the sake of the people whom we most despise.I was always treated as if I had insisted on being born, in opposition to the dictates of reason, religion, and morality, and against the dissuading arguments of my best friends.And could I look upon her without compassion, seeing her punishment in the ruin she was, in her profound unfitness f or this earth on which she was placed, in the vanity of sorrow which had become a master mania, like the vanity of penitence, the vanity of remorse, the vanity of unworthiness, and other monstrous vanities that have been curses in this world? Source All Quotes - Charles Dickens, Great Expectations

CSR - corporate social responsibility Assignment

CSR - corporate social responsibility - Assignment Example While critics indicate that CSR is mostly a self-interest and PR practice with no benefits to the society (Margolis and Walsh, 2003), supporters of the concept believe that it provides value for businesses, societies and ecosystems (Porter and Crammer, 2006). According to Haigh and Jones (2006), CSR has great potential as a strategy for value addition both business and the environment if two important conditions are achieved. The first condition is that CSR has to be integrated in the company’s core strategy while the second condition is that the company should be able to monitor the additional values resulting from the CSR. Manufacturing companies, like all other businesses, have embraced the concept of CSR for its benefits. CSR is particularly important for manufacturing firms because of the impact of their activities on the environment which have been associated with pollution and climate change. Over the past two decades, CSR strategy for environmental sustainability has been made a legal requirement for manufacturing companies in most countries (Smith, 2010). One of the companies that have been affected by this is Nokia Siemens Corporation. The company has had to come up with CSR strategies both for meeting legal requirements and for its own benefits, this paper examines the CSR strategy of Nokia Siemens Corporation, benefits of the strategy, one environmental concern it has to cope with and strategies for dealing with it. Nokia Siemens Corporation has one of the most detailed and globally recognized CSR strategies for the environment which basically touches on two important areas, products and services. Every year, the company continues to search for various possibilities for reduction of the environmental impact of its devices ad operations at each and every stage of their product life cycles (Nokia Siemens Corporation, 2012). The company largely focuses on material usage, energy efficiency, manufacturing processes, and recycling. According

Organizational learning and development report Essay

Organizational learning and development report - Essay Example Organization learning and development has been viewed in different perspective by different individuals and organizations. Organizational development is concerned with improve a business’s performance and personal development of its workers. Each business should be perceived as a coherent system made up of different parts. Organizational development as a procedure comprises of methodologies and gains in tactical arrangement, organizational plan, headship development, training, variety and balance between employment and life (Kozlowski & Salas 2009, p. 48). Learning is gained either from the individual level or team level. Organization learning and development can be summarized by figure one and two. In reference to Kozlowski and Salas (2009, p. 28) work, an organization may learn formally or informally: Informal Learning is the learning that the organization sets its targets, goals, and objectives to be achieved by itself while in formal learning, the organizations departments sets their targets, goals, and objectives and how to achieve them within the given time frame. However, both formal and informal learning is not involved with the learning but rather the person who directs the organization towards the achievement of the set goals and objectives. Informal learning relies on four main organization’s principles, which include context, cognizance, experimental, and relationship. Relationship learning occurs from interaction of individual or organization during their production. Cognizance learning occurs when an organization intents to learn about an aspect or a situation occurrence has forced the organization to learn. Context learning occurs outside the formal learning setting that is from either observing how differently thing are done by other organizations. Lastly experimental learning happen when an organization experiments a procedure/process then draws conclusion from the results achieved (Kozlowski & Salas, 2009, p. 30). Figure one belo w summarizes formal and informal learning activities. Figure 1 Factors Facilitating Learning in Organizations Learning can be described and expressed in different ways, individuals and organization can use different approaches in learning. Learning is a combination of cognitive and a behavioral procedure whereby new ideas end up to new behaviors and/or new actions lead to new ideas. Cognitive and behavioral change may happen simultaneously to improve concepts or may be separated by a time lag. The difference between a mere undirected action and learning is that cognitive development is either a pre-action incident or a result of innovated actions or capabilities. Learning is progressively seen as an active, public, and dynamic procedure, passed through individuals reflecting and acting together. The quality of learning socialization between people and societies is a major resource that needs to be grown and sustained. Learning has a close connection with knowledge; it is the procedu re that brings on a change in cognition and/or behavioral actions. Know how is dynamic; it happens to be useful, and picks on significance as an employee applies it to the organizational challenges. The concept of knowing refers to employees’ capability to advance, combine, and exchange their thoughts and expertise